International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Research

Volume 5 Issue 5 (September-October 2022)

    • Role of Yoga Prana Vidya system in treatment and healing of Musculo-skeletal problems: A multiple case study of human patients
      Abstract:
      Introduction: Musculo-skeletal disorders (MSDs) are highly prevalent globally with 1.71 billion people in 160 countries, and patients need rehabilitation therapies to recover. This paper presents four cases of MSD that were healed successfully using Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) protocols. Method: This is a case study method, and the process of investigation consists of going through the case details of each patient and the healer’s records. Results: A review of these four cases indicate that the patients recovered from their Musculo-skeletal conditions within 2 to 4 weeks of healing done daily, using YPV advanced treatment protocols. Conclusions: Being no-drug no-touch method of energy healing, YPV offers great scope in the treatment of MSD conditions as alternative low-cost treatment modality. Recommendations include looking into the possibilities of training doctors, nurses and other healthcare workers in the practice of YPV healing system, and conduct further research on the application of YPV in treating MSDs using appropriate sample size and methodology.


      Keywords:: Musculo-Skeletal Disorders (MSD), Therapy, Rehabilitation, Yoga Prana Vidya System ®, YPV ®





      • Histopathological Evaluation of Different Pulp Capping Materials.
        Abstract:
        Objective: study was conducted to evaluate and compare the histopathological effect of three different pulp capping materials ; Dycal, Rootdent MTA and Biodentine on dogs teeth. Animals and methods: Total of 48 teeth from 4 male mongrel dogs enrolled in this study. Class V cavities with pulp exposures of 1- 1.2mm were performed. After bleeding control; the teeth were classified into three main groups (n=16); group I capped with Dycal, group II with Rootdent MTA and group III with Biodentine. Each main group was subdivided into two subgroups (n=8); subgroup T1 investigated after 45 days and subgroup T2 investigated after 90 days. AT T1 and T2; the animals were sacrificed and the teeth were obtained and prepared for microscopic investigation for evaluation of hard tissue bridge formation, degree of inflammation and other histopathologic features. Results: Group II and group III exhibited; better quality and high thickness of the formed dentine bridge, less inflammatory pulpal responses and increased thickness of odontoblast like cell layers more than group I with statistically significant difference. Conclusions: Rootdent MTA and Biodentine showed similar favorable results better than Dycal. The inflammatory pulpal responses decreased by time while the thickness of dentine bridge increased.Result: The experimental stem cell treated group showed better histological features and more PCNA proliferation than the laser treated group. Conclusion: bone marrow derived stem cell and laser treatment are successful method in the treatment of diabetic induced salivary gland injury, with relative superiority of stem cell treatment.


        Keywords:: Dycal, Rootdent MTA, Biodentine, pulp capping, hard tissue bridge, histopathological



        • The Healing Effect of Honey on First Degree Burns
          Abstract:
          Objective: Honey is a safe natural product for treating bacterial colonized wounds. Various previous studies have stated that honey is effective as an alternative treatment for various types of wounds, including burns. However, it is not explained how honey plays a role in the healing process of burns. This research aims to determine the degree of re-epithelialization of first-degree burns facilitated by honey. All mice were induced with first-degree burns. The mice were divided into Group I (control), Group II, (received non-diluted pure honey), Group III (treatment of diluted honey (10 ml honey in 10 ml distilled water), and Group IV (treatment of diluted honey (10 ml honey in 20 ml distilled water). The intervention was conducted for 7 days. Wound size and wound healing time were analyzed by ANOVA. Based on the results, it was concluded that there were at least differences in the durations of the burn wound healing process and differences in the size of the burn area between the four groups during one week of observation (p-value <0.000). Compared to the control group that was not treated with honey, there was a clinical effect of topical application of pure honey on burn healing in the treatment groups.


          Keywords:: honey, wound healing, burns



            • Perceived Stress among Health Service Providers’ during COVID- 19 Pandemic in Hospitals of Syangja District, Nepal
              Abstract:
              The ongoing pandemic, novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), is declared as a public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2022 by WHO. Impact of COVID-19 is seen in all areas. Due to high exposure with COVID-19 infected patients, different problems is increasingly being recognized in health care professionals. The objective of this study was to assess the perceived stress and its determining factors among health service providers’ during COVID-19 pandemic in hospitals of Syangja district. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 128 health service providers of Syangja district. A self-administered questionnaire including Perceived stress scale was used as a data collection tool. Chi-square test was performed to assess the association. Among total population, the prevalence of perceived stress among participant was found to be 55.46%. Majority of health service providers (61.7%)were females with working experience one to five years. Age(p=0.024), health service providers satisfied with government incentives(p=0.033) and Health service Providers family member suffering from COVID-19(p=0.035)was seen to be significantly associated with perceived stress.More than half of the health service providers had perceived stress during COVID-19 pandemic. So,early prevention and detection of the problem would be beneficial for the promotion of their health.


              Keywords:: COVID-19 pandemic,Perceived Stress,health service providers, hospitals, Syangja, Nepal.



                • Determinants and Effects of Unwanted Pregnancy among Women of Reproductive age in Rural Areas of Rivers State
                  Abstract:
                  Reproductive process is an important activity that women of reproductive age engaged in at different levels of relationship. However, pregnancy must be agreed by parties involved before the process of fertilization could be carry out. This study was carried out to x-ray the determinants and effects of unwanted pregnancy among women of reproductive age in Rivers State. This is a cross-sectional study involving 106 women who are within their reproductive period with age range 18-24years, 25-31years, 32-38years and 39-45years. A well - structured self-administered questionnaire was given to each participant to fill independently and return it to the researcher thereafter. The study shows that most women though married and co-habiting had unwanted pregnancy due to unprotected sex, lack of awareness about the use of contraceptives device, unfavourable timing of the pregnancy, and no access to family planning centre. 64.2% have no access to family planning centre, 53.8% of the respondents had secondary level of education (Table 2), 67% had unprotected sexual intercourse intermittently (Table 4), 79.2% got pregnant from unprotected sex (Table 5), 51.9% do not have knowledge of contraceptives (Table 6), 67.9% do not use contraceptives due to lack of awareness (Table 7), 88.7% had an unplanned pregnancy (Table 10), 64.2% do not have access to family planning centre (Table 8), 66% have not done family planning (Table 9). 40 of the participants are married, 34 are single, 7 are divorcee and 25 are co-habiting (Table 3) and 51.9% resides in the rural areas.


                  Keywords:: Determinants, Effects, Unwanted Pregnancy, Women, Reproductive Age, Rural Areas.



                    • Testicular Microlithiasis as a cause of unresponsive treatment in a hypogonadal boy suspected of Kallmann Syndrome
                      Abstract:
                      Background : Puberty is a critical period where there were a series of dramatic changes in physical and hormonal resulting in sexual maturity. There are various reproductive problems appearing during puberty, one of which is Kallmann syndrome (KS) with a prevalence of 1:48.000.
                      Clinical case: We reported a case of a 17-year-old boy reporting no signs of puberty. Physical examination was carried out with several findings including accumulation of abdominal fat, anosmia, presented a high-pitched voice, and no secondary sexual characteristics. Hormonal assay was conducted and showed a results of testosterone 0.2 nmol/L, estradiol <5 pg/mL, FSH 0.1 mIU/mL, and LH <0.1 IU/L and diagnosed with suspect of KS. The patient received an injection of hCG 250 micrograms/injection once a week for 4 weeks and no clinical improvement based on physical examination. Ultrasound examination showed the results of grade III varicocele in the left testis and microlithiasis in both of the testis. Patient then received testosterone therapy (Sustanon 250 injection) once a week for 4 weeks and showed several improvements in the sign of puberty.
                      Conclusion: Testosterone therapy as follow-up therapy in a boy with delayed puberty and suspected KS showed a result of developed good condition of virilization.


                      Keywords:: Delayed puberty, Kallmann syndrome, Varicocele, Testicular microlithiasis, Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, Testosterone therapy



                        • Evaluation the Effect of Topical Application of Strontium Ranelate Gel on Bone Regeneration in The Tibia of Induced Diabetic Rats With Critical Size Bone Defects By Using Silver Stained Nucleolar Organizer Regions (Agnors).
                          Abstract:
                          Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of topical application of Strontium Ranelate gel on bone regeneration in in the tibia of induced diabetic rats with critical size bone defects by quantitative and qualitative analysis of silver stained Nucleolar Organizer Regions (AgNORs). Material and methods: Sixty adult male albino rats were used in this study and divided into four groups equally, fifteen rats for each group. These groups were Normal control group (N), Diabetic control group (D), Normal experimental group treated with SrR gel (NSR) and Diabetic experimental group treated with SrR gel (DSR). Five animals from each group were sacrificed at 5, 10 and 30 days alternatively postoperatively. After termination of the experiment, the specimens were prepared and bone formation was evaluated by AgNOR stain as a proliferative marker. Results: In experimental groups treated with SrR gel, there was acceleration in the bone regeneration, while in diabetic control group there was obvious retardation in the bone regeneration than all other groups. Conclusion: The study showed that the topical application of SrR has positive regenerative effects in case of diabetic rats with critical size bone defects.


                          Keywords:: Strontium ranelate, Bone regeneration, AgNOrs, Diabetes mellitus, Critical size defect.



                            • Perceptions of Effective Pain Management in Relation to Hospital Nurse Roles
                              Abstract:
                              Background: Pain is the most common symptom that prompts people to seek medical attention, and pain management involves many health-related disciplines. In medical settings, nurses play an important role in pain assessment and evaluation, as well as pain management interventions. As a result, their roles and perceptions (in terms of pain management) can influence their actions when dealing with this patient's primary complaint, resulting in either effective or ineffective pain management.
                              Objective:The purpose of this study was to help nurses recognize their roles and effective practices in managing patients’ pain through assessment, intervention, and advocacy.
                              Methods:This cross-sectional survey was conducted among Registered Nurses (RNs) at a hospital in 2016. The hospital's various medical and surgical units were used to conveniently select 100 registered nurses. We used a 20-item (Agree/Disagree) questionnaire to assess several factors (demographics, patient behaviors, and nurses' perceptions of pain management). We reported means and numbers/percentages for continuous and categorical variables. For all analyses, SPSS version 21.0 (IBM® SPSS® Statistics) was used.
                              Results: Female nurses made up 75% of the study population (n = 75). When patients were in pain, the vast majority of nurses (> 96%) agreed that they informed their nurses. Furthermore, over 80% of them recognized their roles in assessing and managing pain in patients. However, only 60% of nurses agreed on using standardized procedures to help patients manage their pain.
                              Conclusion: We conclude that pain management is linked to the nurse role because the majority of patients in pain reported that they always complain to nurses and/or exhibit some behavior to nurses when they are in pain. More research is needed to establish a causal relationship between pain management and the role of the nurse, as well as to comprehend the process of implementing pain management standard guidelines.


                              Keywords:: Nurse’s Role; Pain; Pain Management



                                • Ajwa Date as Antibacterial Agent Against Salmonella Typhi
                                  Abstract:
                                  Background: Salmonella typhi is the bacteria that causes typhoid fever. Salmonella typhi infection in the world there are around 11-20 million cases and causes 128,000-161,000 deaths per year. Antibiotics as a therapy for typhoid fever are currently a concern because of the discovery of strains that are resistant to these drugs. The use of plants by the community as a treatment has been carried out for generations. This is due to the assumption that herbal medicines have fewer side effects. Dates have many bioactive phytochemicals such as phenols, carotenoids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and dietary fiber that have various curative potentials such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties.
                                  Objective: This study aims to determine the potential of ajwa date extract as an antibacterial agent against Salmonella typhi.
                                  Method: This research uses a literature review with a narrative review design. Researcher reviewed international journals and national journals retrieved from Google Scholar, Elsevier, PubMed, then then screening is carried out so that researchers review journals that are in accordance with this study.
                                  Result: Ajwa dates have antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi. The use of methanol in the extraction process showed higher antibacterial activity. The high bioactive compounds in ajwa dates such as phenolic content and antioxidant properties are factors that increase the antibacterial effect of ajwa dates.


                                  Keywords:: Ajwa Date, Antibacterial Activity, Salmonella typhi



                                    • The Effect of Aspirin Treatment on Diabetic Neuropathy in Patients with Diabetes
                                      Abstract:
                                      Introduction:Diabetes is associated with the involvement of nervous system defects, which results in diabetic neuropathy. Aspirin therapy has been linked to improvements in a variety of diseases. Objectives: To investigate the effect of aspirin treatment on diabetic neuropathy.
                                      Methodology: This is a follow-up study. Diabetes patients' files were reviewed. Files were included if neuropathy was present and aspirin treatment was recommended. Data were gathered from patient files at royal medical services' internal medicine out clinics. Gender, age, diabetic duration, aspirin treatment, and diabetic neuropathy were all studied variables. The data was entered into working Excel spreadsheets and then analyzed using SPSS version 20. Statistical analyses such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Chi-square, and T-test were included. At alpha level 0.05, significance was accepted.
                                      Results: According to the findings of this study, the prevalence of diabetic neuropathy was 25.8%. Diabetic patients had an average age of 56.9511.97 years. Aspirin was reported to be used by half of the patients. Diabetes lasted an average of 7.515.86 years. The average aspirin dosage was 111.3724.67 mg. Males were more likely than females to develop diabetic neuropathy, but this was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Patients who received aspirin treatment had a lower risk of developing diabetic neuropathy, but this was not statistically significant (p>0.05).
                                      Conclusion: Although not statistically significant, male patients were more likely to develop diabetic neuropathy, whereas aspirin users were less likely to develop diabetic neuropathy.


                                      Keywords:: Diabetes, Diabetic neuropathy, Aspirin, Aspirin dose.



                                        • Community Volunteer-Driven Intervention and Barriers to Childhood Immunization Coverage in Rural Communities of Rivers State, Nigeria
                                          Abstract:
                                          Immunization is a breakthrough in public health preventing about three million deaths annually in children. This study aimed to determine how effective a community volunteer-driven intervention will reduce barriers to childhood immunization in rural communities of Rivers State, Nigeria. A randomized controlled educational intervention for caregivers of children aged 0 to 6 weeks was used. 368 caregivers were recruited using a multistage sample technique, randomly assigned to intervention and control groups, and followed for 9 months. The intervention group received structured immunization education, whereas the control group did not. An interviewer-administered, semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection, and SPSS version 25 was used for the analysis. Statistical significance was determined using the Chi-Square test, with a level of significance set at p≤ 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval. The intervention group had 153 (83.2%) mothers while the control group had 148 (80.4%) mothers, with mean ages of 30.2 ± 7.9 years and 31.9 ± 10.1 years respectively. There was a significant reduction in barriers to full immunization of children (X2=34.19, p=0.008). Mothers who took decisions to immunize their children significantly increased (X2=33.91, p=0.000). Structured education on immunization provided by trained community members significantly reduced barriers to childhood immunization.


                                          Keywords::Barriers, community volunteers, Immunization, Rivers State.